Cancer that develops in the testicles, a male organ that produces sex hormones and sperm for reproduction. It causes a lump in the testicles, swollen lymph nodes, sudden fluid collection in the scrotum, and abdominal pain.

Symptoms & Reports

• Lump in the testes which may be painful
• Sudden shrinking of a testicle
• Gynaecomastia (enlargement of the breast)
• Swelling and collection of fluid in the scrotum
• Dull ache in the lower abdomen
• Shortness of breath and chest pain due to pulmonary embolism
• Lump in the neck due to metastasis to the lymph nodes

Causes

• Men with undescended testes
• Family history of close relatives with testicular cancer
• Previous testicular cancer
• Congenital abnormality of the testes

Prevention

Screening Options available at JNCHRC

• Physical examination: Physical examination of the testes is done to check for the presence of the lumps.
• Ultrasound: Done to determine the location of lump.
• CT scan: Done to determine the extent of metastasis.
• Positron emission tomography (PET): Done to find the malignant tumour cells in the body.
• Tumour marker test: Done to detect the presence of tumour marker so as to check if the tumour is present.