A cancer of the prostate gland, a part of the male reproductive system. Prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland in males that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. This causes blood in urine, blood in semen, painful ejaculation and erectile dysfunction.

Symptoms & Reports

Early stage prostate cancer may not cause any signs or symptoms. Symptoms commonly noted during the advanced stage include:

• Trouble urinating
• Frequent urination
• Decreased force of urination
• Difficulty starting or stopping urine stream
• Blood in semen
• Pain or discomfort in the pelvic area
• Bone Pain

Causes

• A prostate cell becomes cancerous due to a change in its gene. The exact cause for this change is unknown. The following are risk factors:
• Advanced age
• African americans are at higher risk
• Family history
• Obesity

Prevention

• Eat a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• Cut down on fatty foods
• Have a regular exercise regimen
• Remain physically active
• Maintain a recommended weight
• Avoid smoking and alcohol

Screening Options available at JNCHRC

• Digital rectal examination: Inserting a gloved finger into the rectum to check the prostate gland adjacent to it.
• Blood test: To check for prostate specific antigen (PSA).
• Ultrasound: Uses a small sized probe inserted into the rectum to obtain images of the prostate.
• Biopsy: A small sample of the prostate mass is taken for microscopic examination to assess the type and severity of cancer.